In his chapter, we will flesh out the remaining parts of Jung's Theory of Typology. Int he first part, we found that Jung discovered two basic dichotomies of personality. First, that people predominately existed in one of two worlds - the Introverted, or inner world, and the Extraverted, or exterior world. Then he surmised that people used two basic functions in those worlds - one Perceived information, and one made Judgements ( or decisions) about said Perceptions.
But that was still not enough. Combining these two polarities only resulted in 4 poles, and Jung saw more than 4 distinct Types. So he began two dissect the functions of P and J in a more granular way.
With Perception, he saw that people noticed data in two different ways. For some, it was the facts and figures of information - the actual, factual, real and recalled instances of a moment or scene, objects or memories - what was gathered by the 5(+) senses. For others, it was the patterns, meaning, theories and hypothesis, in and around the same moments. For the former, he labeled this Sensing. For the latter, he labeled this iNtuition. (Why the N is capitalized we will explain later.)
On to Judgement, he noticed people made decisions based in two ways.
Some used hard Logic, impartial analysis, cause and effect, and testing, both in the concrete and abstract, the what-if of hypothetical science. For this he labeled it Thinking (or T)
With others, he noticed that Values predominated the decision making process. These could be internal values, the inalienable rights we see in the Bill of Rights, for example. These values could be developed over a lifetime of experience and trial and error. Other value sets could be attributed to societal mores and customs. Traditions passed down from a family, a village or the greater culture from which they were raised. Via empathy and sympathy, choices are made that conform to one 's consilience with harmony within or without. For this decision making process he labeled it Feeling (or F).
[The etymology of the choice of the word Feeling is a small side discussion in itself deserving of a post for another time. For now, please note that Feeling in this context does NOT mean emotions. It means Values.]
At this point, Jung had 3 dichotomies of 6 poles - I vs E, S vs N, and T vs. F. This is when his last aha for the basic theory took place. Rather than PEOPLE being Introverted or Extraverted, he realized his other four functions were actually directional in nature. Sensing could be introverted, or Feeling would be Extraverted.
This results in 8 Functions with attitude (2 snaps and a circle). Introverted and Extraverted Sensing (Si and Se for short), Introverted and Extraverted iNtuition (Ni and Ne - and here is why we use N for intuition, since Introverted already claims I); Introverted and Extraverted Thinking, (TI and Te), and lastly Introverted and Extraverted Feeling (Fi and FE).
Here is a simple outline of the 8 function attitudes:
Perceiving
(S) Sensing
(SI)
(Se)
(N)
(Ni)
(Ne)
Judgment
(T) Thinking
(Ti)
(Te)
(F) Feeling
(Fi)
(Fe)
So Jung had 8 Attitude-Functions. And he knew that people preferred one of the 8 to orient, or anchor, their ego. Jung perceived the ego to be the center of one's world view. Picture a telescope that can hold one of 8 lenses as its primary lens, and that is how one can picture the ego. It is not the self, but the glass through which we view the world. But that leaves the other 7 FAs. What to make of those. Everyone possessed them, so what roles did they play in one's overall psyche? Jung developed a hierarchy of perfeerences eventually for his model, but we won't go into it here. For it's now that we wrap up this chapter and in the next chapter introduce our final architects, Briggs and Myers, who took Jungs nascent model and turned it into the full fledged instrument that we use today.
But that was still not enough. Combining these two polarities only resulted in 4 poles, and Jung saw more than 4 distinct Types. So he began two dissect the functions of P and J in a more granular way.
With Perception, he saw that people noticed data in two different ways. For some, it was the facts and figures of information - the actual, factual, real and recalled instances of a moment or scene, objects or memories - what was gathered by the 5(+) senses. For others, it was the patterns, meaning, theories and hypothesis, in and around the same moments. For the former, he labeled this Sensing. For the latter, he labeled this iNtuition. (Why the N is capitalized we will explain later.)
On to Judgement, he noticed people made decisions based in two ways.
Some used hard Logic, impartial analysis, cause and effect, and testing, both in the concrete and abstract, the what-if of hypothetical science. For this he labeled it Thinking (or T)
With others, he noticed that Values predominated the decision making process. These could be internal values, the inalienable rights we see in the Bill of Rights, for example. These values could be developed over a lifetime of experience and trial and error. Other value sets could be attributed to societal mores and customs. Traditions passed down from a family, a village or the greater culture from which they were raised. Via empathy and sympathy, choices are made that conform to one 's consilience with harmony within or without. For this decision making process he labeled it Feeling (or F).
[The etymology of the choice of the word Feeling is a small side discussion in itself deserving of a post for another time. For now, please note that Feeling in this context does NOT mean emotions. It means Values.]
At this point, Jung had 3 dichotomies of 6 poles - I vs E, S vs N, and T vs. F. This is when his last aha for the basic theory took place. Rather than PEOPLE being Introverted or Extraverted, he realized his other four functions were actually directional in nature. Sensing could be introverted, or Feeling would be Extraverted.
This results in 8 Functions with attitude (2 snaps and a circle). Introverted and Extraverted Sensing (Si and Se for short), Introverted and Extraverted iNtuition (Ni and Ne - and here is why we use N for intuition, since Introverted already claims I); Introverted and Extraverted Thinking, (TI and Te), and lastly Introverted and Extraverted Feeling (Fi and FE).
Here is a simple outline of the 8 function attitudes:
Perceiving
(S) Sensing
(SI)
(Se)
(N)
(Ni)
(Ne)
Judgment
(T) Thinking
(Ti)
(Te)
(F) Feeling
(Fi)
(Fe)
So Jung had 8 Attitude-Functions. And he knew that people preferred one of the 8 to orient, or anchor, their ego. Jung perceived the ego to be the center of one's world view. Picture a telescope that can hold one of 8 lenses as its primary lens, and that is how one can picture the ego. It is not the self, but the glass through which we view the world. But that leaves the other 7 FAs. What to make of those. Everyone possessed them, so what roles did they play in one's overall psyche? Jung developed a hierarchy of perfeerences eventually for his model, but we won't go into it here. For it's now that we wrap up this chapter and in the next chapter introduce our final architects, Briggs and Myers, who took Jungs nascent model and turned it into the full fledged instrument that we use today.
No comments:
Post a Comment